LoRaWAN is known for long-range, low-power communication, but its real-world range depends on deployment environment and signal interference. Whether you're planning a new installation or optimizing an existing one, understanding key variables can help you achieve maximum coverage and reliability. Click here for an overview of LoRaWAN technology.

What Determines LoRaWAN Range?

LoRaWAN utilizes Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) modulation, which enhances signal propagation and interference resistance. While manufacturers often claim 10+ miles (15 km) in ideal conditions, real-world results vary due to obstructions and interference.

Key Factors That Affect Range:

🛑 Indoor Obstructions – Walls, machinery, and equipment reduce signal strength.
🏙 Building & Urban Density – Concrete, glass, and steel affect propagation.
🌳 Natural Barriers – Trees, hills, and water bodies absorb or scatter signals.
⚡ Electrical Noise – Industrial equipment, power lines, and WiFi can cause interference.
🌧 Weather & Atmosphere – Rain, fog, and humidity slightly degrade signal quality.

Graph showing the impact of common interior obstructions on LoRaWAN signal strength.
Graphic 1: Signal Attenuation by Material Type

Overcoming Range Limitations

The good news? Strategic deployment can significantly improve LoRaWAN coverage.

1. Optimize Sensor & Gateway Placement

✅ Place gateways and sensors at higher elevations (rooftops, poles, or ceilings).
✅ Reduce obstacles by installing devices near windows or exterior walls.
✅ Avoid areas with high RF noise (near WiFi routers or industrial machines).

Satellite view of the range of a real-world wireless installation.
Picture 1: Typical Suburban Sensor/Gateway Range

2. Use High-Quality Antennas

✅ Consider an omnidirectional, outdoor-mounted antenna to extend coverage.
✅ Use low-loss cables to minimize signal degradation.
✅ Mount antennas at least 3 feet above rooftops to avoid ground reflection losses.

Explore more LoRaWAN products by clicking here.

LoRaWAN fiberglass antenna shown with mounting brackets.
Picture 2: Fiberglass LoRaWAN Antenna

3. Leverage LoRaWAN’s Strengths

📡 LoRaWAN can detect signals as low as -135 dBm, meaning even weak transmissions can be received.
📉 Signal loss decreases logarithmically, so most degradation happens early—optimize your closest obstacles first!

Real-World Example: Improving LoRaWAN in a Warehouse

A facility installed LoRaWAN sensors across multiple buildings but initially experienced high signal loss (-155.8 dBm), making communication unreliable.

Solution:

✔ Added roof-mounted antennas to minimize obstructions.
✔ Eliminated signal-blocking structures (drywalls, metal walls, tanks).
✔ Improved signal by 64 dB, restoring stable communication.

Photo realistic example of a LoRaWAN installation showing path loss caused by various obstructions such as walls, trees, hills, etc.
Picture 3: Example Suburban Installation with Obstructions

Final Thoughts

LoRaWAN’s extended range makes it ideal for industrial monitoring, smart buildings, and remote applications. However, achieving reliable performance requires smart planning. By optimizing sensor placement, antenna selection, and obstacle mitigation, you can unlock LoRaWAN’s full potential.

👉 Step-by-Step Guide to Setting Up a LoRaWAN Network

Need Help with Your LoRaWAN Deployment?

At Sensocon, we specialize in end-to-end solutions—including sensors, gateways, and cloud platforms.

📞 Call us: (863) 248-2800
📧 Email us: info@sensocon.com
🌐 Visit: www.sensocon.com

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